Introduction

A fluidized‑bed reactor refers to a device in which fluid (gas or liquid) passes through the bed at a relatively high velocity, driving the solid particles within the bed into motion. The particles are suspended in the main flowing stream to undergo reactions, and the system exhibits characteristics similar to flowing fluids.

A fluidized‑bed reactor is a reactor involving solid particles. These particles are kept in motion with diverse movement directions, which distinguishes it from a fixed‑bed reactor. The bed formed by fluid and solid particles inside the fluidized‑bed reactor behaves like a boiling liquid, hence it is also called a boiling‑bed reactor. Such a bed exhibits liquid‑like properties and is also known as a pseudoliquefied bed.

Fluidized‑bed adsorbers are mostly applied in solid‑gas and liquid‑liquid reactions. They feature sufficiently intimate contact between gas and solids. The gas velocity is more than three to four times that in a fixed bed. Therefore, this process boosts production capacity and is highly suitable for continuous reaction processes with large gas flow rates. Fluidized‑bed reactors can be used for gas‑solid, liquid‑solid and gas‑liquid‑solid catalytic or non‑catalytic reactions, and are widely adopted reactors in industrial production.

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